The Critical Period Hypothesis: a look at the controversy

Abstract

The age factor in second language acquisition (SLA) has long been a controversial topic among researchers and one that has been surrounded by popular beliefs as well. Many of these beliefs have been called into question in recent years and the search for answers has generated a large body of research on the subject. This paper explores the issue of age in SLA, focusing specifically on the debate surrounding the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH). After a brief discussion of the CPH andfirst language acquisition, a more extensive examination of the different positions on the CPH and SLA is made. Finally, consideration is given to alternative explanations of age effects in SLA. While no irrefutable conclusions can be offered, it is clear that the ramifications for second-language teachers; educational planners and second language theorists are great enough to warrant a careful reappraisal of the CPH.